Francis L. Huang
  • Talks
  • Posts
  • MLMusingR
  • Projects
  • Teaching
  • Service
  • Research
    • Papers
    • R Packages
  • Projects
    • UVA Threat Assessment Research
    • Youth Violence Project @ UVA
    • MO Prison Transformation Project
    • Missouri Prevention Science Institute
  • Service
  • Projects
  • Experience
  • Posts
    • 🎉 Job postings 2024-2025
    • Plausible Values as Predictors
    • Correlation and causation revisited
    • Working with missing data in large-scale assessments (with plausible values)
    • Working with missing data in large-scale assessments (without plausible values)
    • Weights with Multilevel Models
    • Fun with PCA using Images
    • Selecting the proper weights in LSAs with multilevel models
    • Using Plausible Values with Multilevel Models Using R (update)
    • Using Plausible Values with Multilevel Models Using R
    • 🎉 Job postings 2023-2024
    • Gradient descent example 1
    • Logistic regression with matrices
    • Residuals with Multilevel Models
    • 🎉 Job postings 2022-2023
    • Fun with residuals
    • Using FIML in R for Multilevel Data
    • Robust standard errors in mixed models
    • Logistic regression from scratch (Newton Raphson and Fisher Scoring)
    • Using REML and ML for estimation
    • Extracting the V matrix for MLMs
    • 🎉 Analyzing clustered data using GEEs
    • 🎉 Using maximum likelihood
    • 🎉 Comparing coefficients across logistic regression models
    • Prior problem behavior and suspensions: A replication
    • 🎉 Using FIML and MI in R
    • 🎉 Applied example for alternatives to logistic regression
    • 🎉 Principal Components Analysis using R
    • 🎉 Why does centering reduce multicollinearity?
    • Poisson and Negative Binomial Regression using R
    • Correct standard errors?
    • Note on Robust Standard Errors
    • Multilevel CFA (MLCFA) in R, part 2
    • 🎉 Simulating two level data
    • 🧠 Difference between correlation and covariance matrices
    • Instrumental variables within an SEM framework
    • 🎉 Class Example- Standard Errors Too Small
    • 🎉 Understanding instrumental variables
    • Omitted Variable Bias (OVB) Example
  • Publications
    • Replication studies using secondary or nonexperimental datasets
    • Working with missing data in large-scale assessments
    • Student attacks following a school threat assessment: Statewide trends in student and case characteristics
    • Reassessing weights in large-scale assessments and multilevel models
    • Behavioral threat assessment and equity in exclusionary school discipline
    • Cluster-robust standard errors with three-level data
    • Referral rates for school threat assessment
    • Restorative justice conferences in elementary and secondary schools
    • Advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in school psychology science and scholarship: Changing training and practice in the field of school psychology
    • Potential moderation across racial groups in perceptions of authoritative school climate and peer victimization and student engagement
    • The seasonality of school climate
    • School bullying and gender minority youth: Victimization experiences and perceived prevalence
    • Having a trusted adult in school: Concurrent and predictive relations with internalizing problems across development
    • Positive student-teacher relationships and exclusionary discipline practices
    • Steadfast implementation of restorative practices during the Covid-19 pandemic: A case study of consultancy and leadership in an elementary school
    • Using plausible values when fitting multilevel models with large-scale assessment data using R
    • Adolescent exposure to restorative practices and their perceptions of support, structure, and bullying in the school climate
    • Investigating the use of robust standard errors to account for two-way clustering in cross-classified data structures
    • The impact of restorative practices on the use of out-of-school suspensions: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
    • The relationship between teacher stress and job satisfaction as moderated by coping
    • Usability and social consequences of the early identification system as a universal screener for social, emotional, and behavioral risks.
    • Accounting for heteroskedasticity resulting from between-group differences in multilevel models
    • Advanced categorical data analysis in prevention science
    • In-school and out-of-school suspension: Behavioral and psychological outcomes in a predominately black sample of middle school students
    • Practical multilevel modeling using R
    • Teacher Perceptions of School Resource Officers and Associations with School Safety
    • Using robust standard errors for the analysis of binary outcomes with a small number of clusters
    • Evaluation of the whole school restorative practices project: One-year impact on discipline incidents
    • Interaction of socioeconomic status and class relations on reading
    • Student perceptions of school resource officers and threat reporting
    • Examining the validity of the Early Identification System – Student Version for screening in an elementary school sample
    • Alternatives to logistic regression models in experimental studies
    • Analyzing cross-sectionally clustered data using generalized estimating equations
    • Evaluation of a bibliotherapy-based stress intervention for teachers
    • Using cluster-robust standard errors when analyzing group-randomized trials with few clusters
    • Individual and school predictors of teacher stress, coping, and wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic
    • The association between student socioeconomic status and student–teacher relationships on math achievement
    • Does worrying matter? Priming and attitudes towards mask wearing in a midwestern state
    • High school graduation outcomes of student threat assessment
    • Advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in school psychology: Be the change
    • Alternatives to logistic regression models when analyzing cluster randomized trials with binary outcomes
    • An investigation of the psychometric properties of the Early Identification System–student report in a middle school sample
    • Authoritative school climate and out-of-school suspensions: Results from a nationally-representative survey of 10th grade students
    • Confirmatory factor structure and predictive validity of the Early Identification System—Student Report in a community sample of high school students
    • Teacher support for zero tolerance is associated with higher suspension rates and lower feelings of safety
    • Student threat assessment as an alternative to exclusionary discipline
    • The role of the perceptions of school climate and teacher victimization by students
    • Does teacher emotional exhaustion and efficacy predict student discipline sanctions?
    • Prior problem behaviors do not account for the racial suspension gap
    • MANOVA: A procedure whose time has passed?
    • The relationship between school disciplinary resolutions with school climate and attitudes toward school
    • Student and teacher perceptions on student-teacher relationship quality: A middle school perspective
    • An investigation of the psychometric properties of the Early Identification System–Student Report
    • School teasing and bullying after the presidential election
    • School threat assessment versus suicide assessment: Statewide prevalence and case characteristics
    • Teacher job satisfaction by principal support and teacher cooperation: Results from the Schools and Staffing Survey
    • Understanding family–school engagement across and within elementary- and middle-school contexts
    • Multilevel modeling myths
    • The relationship of school climate with out-of-school suspensions
    • The effect of orthographic complexity on Spanish spelling in Grades 1–3
    • An examination of restorative interventions and racial equity in out-of-school suspensions
    • Bullying involvement, teacher-student relationships, and psychosocial outcomes
    • Do Black students misbehave more? Investigating the differential involvement hypothesis and out-of-school suspensions
    • Multilevel modeling and ordinary least squares regression: How comparable are they?
    • Racial/ethnic parity in disciplinary consequences using student threat assessment
    • The impact of validity screening on associations between self-reports of bullying victimization and student outcomes
    • Using cluster bootstrapping to analyze nested data with a few clusters
    • Using instrumental variable estimation to evaluate randomized experiments with imperfect compliance
    • The toxicity of bullying by teachers and other school staff
    • Student Threat Assessment as a Standard School Safety Practice: Results From a Statewide Implementation Study.
    • Student Threat Assessment as a Standard School Safety Practice: Results From a Statewide Implementation Study.
    • Student attitudes and behaviors as explanations for the Black-White suspension gap
    • Racial/ethnic differences in perceptions of school climate and its association with student engagement and peer aggression
    • Question order affects the measurement of bullying victimization among middle school students
    • Aggressive attitudes and prevalence of bullying bystander behavior in middle school
    • Alternatives to multilevel modeling for the analysis of clustered data
    • Prevalence of aggressive attitudes and willingness to report threats in middle school
    • School counselor use of peer nominations to identify victims of bullying
    • Successive teacher expectation effects across the early school years
    • It takes a village: The effects of 10th grade college-going expectations of students, parents, and teachers four years later
    • The differential effects of preschool: Evidence from Virginia
    • Is experience the best teacher? A multilevel analysis of teacher characteristics and student achievement in low performing schools
    • Corruption and educational outcomes: Two steps forward, one step back
  • Recent & Upcoming Talks
    • Teacher working conditions and their ability to handle bullying
    • Replication studies using secondary and nonexperimental datasets (Hong Kong)
    • Multilevel Modeling with Large-Scale International Databases Using HLM (Philadelphia)
    • Using cluster robust standard errors to analyze nested data with a few clusters (Korea)
  • Teaching
    • Data Management (using R)
    • Monte Carlo Simulation
    • Multilevel Modeling
    • Program Evaluation
    • Quantitative Foundations

Youth Violence Project @ UVA

Mar 1, 2025 · 1 min read
Go to Project Site

Our team of faculty and graduate students conducts research on effective methods and policies for youth violence prevention and school safety.

Last updated on Mar 8, 2025
School Safety Threat Assessment
Francis L. Huang
Authors
Francis L. Huang
Professor / Methodology Co-Director
← UVA Threat Assessment Research Aug 28, 2025
MO Prison Transformation Project Oct 26, 2024 →

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